# Most Durable Emperor's Children Units in 40k 11th Edition

> The toughest Emperor's Children units in 40k 11th edition, ranked by how many attacks it takes to destroy each, in all and per point.

Canonical: https://lexmechanic.com/leaderboards/most-durable/emperor-s-children

§ WIN · 11th edition

# Most durable Emperor's Children units: Every Emperor's Children unit ranked by how much killing it takes in 40k 11th edition, counted in attacks to destroy it.

Units ranked

24

In winning lists' loadout

23 of 24

Feed as of

2026-10-07

[Check your list](/listcheck) [Best Emperor's Children units](/listcheck/emperor-s-children) [Every faction's most durable](/leaderboards/most-durable)

24 units 24 units

## Hardest to kill

Ranked by how many Intercessors take as much killing, over bolt rifles, heavy bolters, lascannons and power weapons.

Emperor's Children units, hardest to kill first, Titanic units left out
| # | Unit | Points | Intercessors | Per 100 pts |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Keeper of Secrets 1 model · T10, W18, Sv 5+, Inv 4+ · Mesmerising Form  | 265 | 34 | 12.8 |
| 2 | Shalaxi Helbane 1 model · T10, W20, Sv 3+, Inv 4+  | 315 | 28 | 8.8 |
| 3 | Fulgrim 1 model · T11, W16, Sv 2+, Inv 4+  | 340 | 27 | 8.0 |
| 4 | Chaos Land Raider 1 model · T12, W16, Sv 2+  | 210 | 27 | 12.9 |
| 5 | Defiler 1 model · T11, W18, Sv 3+, Inv 5+  | 330 | 22 | 6.6 |
| 6 | Daemon Prince of Slaanesh with Wings 1 model · T9, W10, Sv 2+, Inv 4+ · Stimulated by Pain  | 205 | 18.4 | 9.0 |
| 7 | Daemon Prince of Slaanesh 1 model · T10, W10, Sv 2+, Inv 4+  | 165 | 17.5 | 10.6 |
| 8 | Heldrake † 1 model · T10, W14, Sv 3+, Inv 5+  | 175 | 17.0 | 9.7 |
| 9 | Chaos Terminators 5 models · T5, W3, Sv 2+, Inv 4+  | 155 | 15.2 | 9.8 |
| 10 | Maulerfiend 1 model · T10, W12, Sv 3+, Inv 5+  | 120 | 14.7 | 12.3 |
| 11 | Chaos Rhino 1 model · T9, W10, Sv 3+  | 70 | 8.2 | 11.7 |
| 12 | Noise Marines 6 models · T5, W2, Sv 3+  | 160 | 7.6 | 4.7 |
| 13 | Lucius the Eternal 1 model · T5, W6, Sv 2+, Inv 4+, FNP 5+  | 130 | 7.4 | 5.7 |
| 14 | Daemonettes 10 models · T3, W1, Sv 7+, Inv 5+  | 100 | 7.0 | 7.0 |
| 15 | Flawless Blades 3 models · T5, W3, Sv 3+, Inv 5+  | 95 | 6.5 | 6.8 |
| 16 | Fiends 3 models · T5, W4, Sv 7+, Inv 5+  | 90 | 6.2 | 6.9 |
| 17 | Chaos Spawn 2 models · T5, W4, Sv 4+, FNP 5+  | 70 | 5.3 | 7.6 |
| 18 | Tormentors 5 models · T4, W2, Sv 3+  | 85 | 4.9 | 5.8 |
| 19 | Infractors 5 models · T4, W2, Sv 3+  | 95 | 4.9 | 5.2 |
| 20 | Lord Kakophonist 1 model · T5, W6, Sv 2+, Inv 4+  | 70 | 4.9 | 7.0 |
| 21 | Seekers 5 models · T4, W2, Sv 7+, Inv 5+  | 85 | 4.5 | 5.3 |
| 22 | Lord Exultant 1 model · T4, W5, Sv 3+, Inv 4+  | 95 | 2.9 | 3.0 |
| 23 | Champion of Excess \[Crucible\] 1 model · T4, W4, Sv 3+, Inv 4+  | 80 | 2.2 | 2.7 |
| 24 | Sorcerer 1 model · T4, W4, Sv 3+  | 55 | 1.8 | 3.2 |

Emperor's Children units, hardest to kill first
| # | Unit | Points | Intercessors | Per 100 pts |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Keeper of Secrets 1 model · T10, W18, Sv 5+, Inv 4+ · Mesmerising Form  | 265 | 34 | 12.8 |
| 2 | Shalaxi Helbane 1 model · T10, W20, Sv 3+, Inv 4+  | 315 | 28 | 8.8 |
| 3 | Fulgrim 1 model · T11, W16, Sv 2+, Inv 4+  | 340 | 27 | 8.0 |
| 4 | Chaos Land Raider 1 model · T12, W16, Sv 2+  | 210 | 27 | 12.9 |
| 5 | Defiler 1 model · T11, W18, Sv 3+, Inv 5+  | 330 | 22 | 6.6 |
| 6 | Daemon Prince of Slaanesh with Wings 1 model · T9, W10, Sv 2+, Inv 4+ · Stimulated by Pain  | 205 | 18.4 | 9.0 |
| 7 | Daemon Prince of Slaanesh 1 model · T10, W10, Sv 2+, Inv 4+  | 165 | 17.5 | 10.6 |
| 8 | Heldrake † 1 model · T10, W14, Sv 3+, Inv 5+  | 175 | 17.0 | 9.7 |
| 9 | Chaos Terminators 5 models · T5, W3, Sv 2+, Inv 4+  | 155 | 15.2 | 9.8 |
| 10 | Maulerfiend 1 model · T10, W12, Sv 3+, Inv 5+  | 120 | 14.7 | 12.3 |
| 11 | Chaos Rhino 1 model · T9, W10, Sv 3+  | 70 | 8.2 | 11.7 |
| 12 | Noise Marines 6 models · T5, W2, Sv 3+  | 160 | 7.6 | 4.7 |
| 13 | Lucius the Eternal 1 model · T5, W6, Sv 2+, Inv 4+, FNP 5+  | 130 | 7.4 | 5.7 |
| 14 | Daemonettes 10 models · T3, W1, Sv 7+, Inv 5+  | 100 | 7.0 | 7.0 |
| 15 | Flawless Blades 3 models · T5, W3, Sv 3+, Inv 5+  | 95 | 6.5 | 6.8 |
| 16 | Fiends 3 models · T5, W4, Sv 7+, Inv 5+  | 90 | 6.2 | 6.9 |
| 17 | Chaos Spawn 2 models · T5, W4, Sv 4+, FNP 5+  | 70 | 5.3 | 7.6 |
| 18 | Tormentors 5 models · T4, W2, Sv 3+  | 85 | 4.9 | 5.8 |
| 19 | Infractors 5 models · T4, W2, Sv 3+  | 95 | 4.9 | 5.2 |
| 20 | Lord Kakophonist 1 model · T5, W6, Sv 2+, Inv 4+  | 70 | 4.9 | 7.0 |
| 21 | Seekers 5 models · T4, W2, Sv 7+, Inv 5+  | 85 | 4.5 | 5.3 |
| 22 | Lord Exultant 1 model · T4, W5, Sv 3+, Inv 4+  | 95 | 2.9 | 3.0 |
| 23 | Champion of Excess \[Crucible\] 1 model · T4, W4, Sv 3+, Inv 4+  | 80 | 2.2 | 2.7 |
| 24 | Sorcerer 1 model · T4, W4, Sv 3+  | 55 | 1.8 | 3.2 |

24 units 24 units

## Most durable per point

The same figure per 100 points: the durability a unit buys for what it costs.

Emperor's Children units, most durable per point first, Titanic units left out
| # | Unit | Points | Intercessors | Per 100 pts |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Chaos Land Raider 1 model · T12, W16, Sv 2+  | 210 | 27 | 12.9 |
| 2 | Keeper of Secrets 1 model · T10, W18, Sv 5+, Inv 4+ · Mesmerising Form  | 265 | 34 | 12.8 |
| 3 | Maulerfiend 1 model · T10, W12, Sv 3+, Inv 5+  | 120 | 14.7 | 12.3 |
| 4 | Chaos Rhino 1 model · T9, W10, Sv 3+  | 70 | 8.2 | 11.7 |
| 5 | Daemon Prince of Slaanesh 1 model · T10, W10, Sv 2+, Inv 4+  | 165 | 17.5 | 10.6 |
| 6 | Chaos Terminators 5 models · T5, W3, Sv 2+, Inv 4+  | 155 | 15.2 | 9.8 |
| 7 | Heldrake † 1 model · T10, W14, Sv 3+, Inv 5+  | 175 | 17.0 | 9.7 |
| 8 | Daemon Prince of Slaanesh with Wings 1 model · T9, W10, Sv 2+, Inv 4+ · Stimulated by Pain  | 205 | 18.4 | 9.0 |
| 9 | Shalaxi Helbane 1 model · T10, W20, Sv 3+, Inv 4+  | 315 | 28 | 8.8 |
| 10 | Fulgrim 1 model · T11, W16, Sv 2+, Inv 4+  | 340 | 27 | 8.0 |
| 11 | Chaos Spawn 2 models · T5, W4, Sv 4+, FNP 5+  | 70 | 5.3 | 7.6 |
| 12 | Daemonettes 10 models · T3, W1, Sv 7+, Inv 5+  | 100 | 7.0 | 7.0 |
| 13 | Lord Kakophonist 1 model · T5, W6, Sv 2+, Inv 4+  | 70 | 4.9 | 7.0 |
| 14 | Fiends 3 models · T5, W4, Sv 7+, Inv 5+  | 90 | 6.2 | 6.9 |
| 15 | Flawless Blades 3 models · T5, W3, Sv 3+, Inv 5+  | 95 | 6.5 | 6.8 |
| 16 | Defiler 1 model · T11, W18, Sv 3+, Inv 5+  | 330 | 22 | 6.6 |
| 17 | Tormentors 5 models · T4, W2, Sv 3+  | 85 | 4.9 | 5.8 |
| 18 | Lucius the Eternal 1 model · T5, W6, Sv 2+, Inv 4+, FNP 5+  | 130 | 7.4 | 5.7 |
| 19 | Seekers 5 models · T4, W2, Sv 7+, Inv 5+  | 85 | 4.5 | 5.3 |
| 20 | Infractors 5 models · T4, W2, Sv 3+  | 95 | 4.9 | 5.2 |
| 21 | Noise Marines 6 models · T5, W2, Sv 3+  | 160 | 7.6 | 4.7 |
| 22 | Sorcerer 1 model · T4, W4, Sv 3+  | 55 | 1.8 | 3.2 |
| 23 | Lord Exultant 1 model · T4, W5, Sv 3+, Inv 4+  | 95 | 2.9 | 3.0 |
| 24 | Champion of Excess \[Crucible\] 1 model · T4, W4, Sv 3+, Inv 4+  | 80 | 2.2 | 2.7 |

Emperor's Children units, most durable per point first
| # | Unit | Points | Intercessors | Per 100 pts |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Chaos Land Raider 1 model · T12, W16, Sv 2+  | 210 | 27 | 12.9 |
| 2 | Keeper of Secrets 1 model · T10, W18, Sv 5+, Inv 4+ · Mesmerising Form  | 265 | 34 | 12.8 |
| 3 | Maulerfiend 1 model · T10, W12, Sv 3+, Inv 5+  | 120 | 14.7 | 12.3 |
| 4 | Chaos Rhino 1 model · T9, W10, Sv 3+  | 70 | 8.2 | 11.7 |
| 5 | Daemon Prince of Slaanesh 1 model · T10, W10, Sv 2+, Inv 4+  | 165 | 17.5 | 10.6 |
| 6 | Chaos Terminators 5 models · T5, W3, Sv 2+, Inv 4+  | 155 | 15.2 | 9.8 |
| 7 | Heldrake † 1 model · T10, W14, Sv 3+, Inv 5+  | 175 | 17.0 | 9.7 |
| 8 | Daemon Prince of Slaanesh with Wings 1 model · T9, W10, Sv 2+, Inv 4+ · Stimulated by Pain  | 205 | 18.4 | 9.0 |
| 9 | Shalaxi Helbane 1 model · T10, W20, Sv 3+, Inv 4+  | 315 | 28 | 8.8 |
| 10 | Fulgrim 1 model · T11, W16, Sv 2+, Inv 4+  | 340 | 27 | 8.0 |
| 11 | Chaos Spawn 2 models · T5, W4, Sv 4+, FNP 5+  | 70 | 5.3 | 7.6 |
| 12 | Daemonettes 10 models · T3, W1, Sv 7+, Inv 5+  | 100 | 7.0 | 7.0 |
| 13 | Lord Kakophonist 1 model · T5, W6, Sv 2+, Inv 4+  | 70 | 4.9 | 7.0 |
| 14 | Fiends 3 models · T5, W4, Sv 7+, Inv 5+  | 90 | 6.2 | 6.9 |
| 15 | Flawless Blades 3 models · T5, W3, Sv 3+, Inv 5+  | 95 | 6.5 | 6.8 |
| 16 | Defiler 1 model · T11, W18, Sv 3+, Inv 5+  | 330 | 22 | 6.6 |
| 17 | Tormentors 5 models · T4, W2, Sv 3+  | 85 | 4.9 | 5.8 |
| 18 | Lucius the Eternal 1 model · T5, W6, Sv 2+, Inv 4+, FNP 5+  | 130 | 7.4 | 5.7 |
| 19 | Seekers 5 models · T4, W2, Sv 7+, Inv 5+  | 85 | 4.5 | 5.3 |
| 20 | Infractors 5 models · T4, W2, Sv 3+  | 95 | 4.9 | 5.2 |
| 21 | Noise Marines 6 models · T5, W2, Sv 3+  | 160 | 7.6 | 4.7 |
| 22 | Sorcerer 1 model · T4, W4, Sv 3+  | 55 | 1.8 | 3.2 |
| 23 | Lord Exultant 1 model · T4, W5, Sv 3+, Inv 4+  | 95 | 2.9 | 3.0 |
| 24 | Champion of Excess \[Crucible\] 1 model · T4, W4, Sv 3+, Inv 4+  | 80 | 2.2 | 2.7 |

24 units 24 units

## Attacks to destroy

Each unit's count against each weapon, in the order of the first board: where it is hard to kill, and where it is not.

Emperor's Children units: attacks of each weapon to destroy, Titanic units left out
| # | Unit | Points | Bolt rifle | Heavy bolter | Lascannon | Power weapon |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Keeper of Secrets 1 model · T10, W18, Sv 5+, Inv 4+ · Mesmerising Form  | 265 | 432 | 163 | 40 | 214 |
| 2 | Shalaxi Helbane 1 model · T10, W20, Sv 3+, Inv 4+  | 315 | 359 | 144 | 29 | 180 |
| 3 | Fulgrim 1 model · T11, W16, Sv 2+, Inv 4+  | 340 | 432 | 171 | 24 | 145 |
| 4 | Chaos Land Raider 1 model · T12, W16, Sv 2+  | 210 | 430 | 171 | 24 | 144 |
| 5 | Defiler 1 model · T11, W18, Sv 3+, Inv 5+  | 330 | 324 | 131 | 20 | 121 |
| 6 | Daemon Prince of Slaanesh with Wings 1 model · T9, W10, Sv 2+, Inv 4+ · Stimulated by Pain  | 205 | 271 | 109 | 19.9 | 91 |
| 7 | Daemon Prince of Slaanesh 1 model · T10, W10, Sv 2+, Inv 4+  | 165 | 274 | 107 | 16.1 | 91 |
| 8 | Heldrake † 1 model · T10, W14, Sv 3+, Inv 5+  | 175 | 252 | 100 | 16.0 | 95 |
| 9 | Chaos Terminators 5 models · T5, W3, Sv 2+, Inv 4+  | 155 | 205 | 72 | 28 | 60 |
| 10 | Maulerfiend 1 model · T10, W12, Sv 3+, Inv 5+  | 120 | 218 | 88 | 14.0 | 81 |
| 11 | Chaos Rhino 1 model · T9, W10, Sv 3+  | 70 | 179 | 36 | 9.4 | 34 |
| 12 | Noise Marines 6 models · T5, W2, Sv 3+  | 160 | 108 | 29 | 17.3 | 27 |
| 13 | Lucius the Eternal 1 model · T5, W6, Sv 2+, Inv 4+, FNP 5+  | 130 | 122 | 34 | 11.8 | 28 |
| 14 | Daemonettes 10 models · T3, W1, Sv 7+, Inv 5+  | 100 | 34 | 27 | 36 | 34 |
| 15 | Flawless Blades 3 models · T5, W3, Sv 3+, Inv 5+  | 95 | 81 | 29 | 12.7 | 27 |
| 16 | Fiends 3 models · T5, W4, Sv 7+, Inv 5+  | 90 | 80 | 22 | 14.3 | 27 |
| 17 | Chaos Spawn 2 models · T5, W4, Sv 4+, FNP 5+  | 70 | 81 | 24 | 8.4 | 23 |
| 18 | Tormentors 5 models · T4, W2, Sv 3+  | 85 | 60 | 18.0 | 14.5 | 17.0 |
| 19 | Infractors 5 models · T4, W2, Sv 3+  | 95 | 61 | 18.0 | 14.4 | 16.9 |
| 20 | Lord Kakophonist 1 model · T5, W6, Sv 2+, Inv 4+  | 70 | 82 | 22 | 8.3 | 17.9 |
| 21 | Seekers 5 models · T4, W2, Sv 7+, Inv 5+  | 85 | 45 | 13.6 | 17.9 | 16.7 |
| 22 | Lord Exultant 1 model · T4, W5, Sv 3+, Inv 4+  | 95 | 29 | 11.2 | 7.3 | 13.4 |
| 23 | Champion of Excess \[Crucible\] 1 model · T4, W4, Sv 3+, Inv 4+  | 80 | 25 | 7.3 | 6.4 | 8.9 |
| 24 | Sorcerer 1 model · T4, W4, Sv 3+  | 55 | 24 | 7.3 | 4.0 | 6.7 |

Emperor's Children units: attacks of each weapon to destroy
| # | Unit | Points | Bolt rifle | Heavy bolter | Lascannon | Power weapon |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Keeper of Secrets 1 model · T10, W18, Sv 5+, Inv 4+ · Mesmerising Form  | 265 | 432 | 163 | 40 | 214 |
| 2 | Shalaxi Helbane 1 model · T10, W20, Sv 3+, Inv 4+  | 315 | 359 | 144 | 29 | 180 |
| 3 | Fulgrim 1 model · T11, W16, Sv 2+, Inv 4+  | 340 | 432 | 171 | 24 | 145 |
| 4 | Chaos Land Raider 1 model · T12, W16, Sv 2+  | 210 | 430 | 171 | 24 | 144 |
| 5 | Defiler 1 model · T11, W18, Sv 3+, Inv 5+  | 330 | 324 | 131 | 20 | 121 |
| 6 | Daemon Prince of Slaanesh with Wings 1 model · T9, W10, Sv 2+, Inv 4+ · Stimulated by Pain  | 205 | 271 | 109 | 19.9 | 91 |
| 7 | Daemon Prince of Slaanesh 1 model · T10, W10, Sv 2+, Inv 4+  | 165 | 274 | 107 | 16.1 | 91 |
| 8 | Heldrake † 1 model · T10, W14, Sv 3+, Inv 5+  | 175 | 252 | 100 | 16.0 | 95 |
| 9 | Chaos Terminators 5 models · T5, W3, Sv 2+, Inv 4+  | 155 | 205 | 72 | 28 | 60 |
| 10 | Maulerfiend 1 model · T10, W12, Sv 3+, Inv 5+  | 120 | 218 | 88 | 14.0 | 81 |
| 11 | Chaos Rhino 1 model · T9, W10, Sv 3+  | 70 | 179 | 36 | 9.4 | 34 |
| 12 | Noise Marines 6 models · T5, W2, Sv 3+  | 160 | 108 | 29 | 17.3 | 27 |
| 13 | Lucius the Eternal 1 model · T5, W6, Sv 2+, Inv 4+, FNP 5+  | 130 | 122 | 34 | 11.8 | 28 |
| 14 | Daemonettes 10 models · T3, W1, Sv 7+, Inv 5+  | 100 | 34 | 27 | 36 | 34 |
| 15 | Flawless Blades 3 models · T5, W3, Sv 3+, Inv 5+  | 95 | 81 | 29 | 12.7 | 27 |
| 16 | Fiends 3 models · T5, W4, Sv 7+, Inv 5+  | 90 | 80 | 22 | 14.3 | 27 |
| 17 | Chaos Spawn 2 models · T5, W4, Sv 4+, FNP 5+  | 70 | 81 | 24 | 8.4 | 23 |
| 18 | Tormentors 5 models · T4, W2, Sv 3+  | 85 | 60 | 18.0 | 14.5 | 17.0 |
| 19 | Infractors 5 models · T4, W2, Sv 3+  | 95 | 61 | 18.0 | 14.4 | 16.9 |
| 20 | Lord Kakophonist 1 model · T5, W6, Sv 2+, Inv 4+  | 70 | 82 | 22 | 8.3 | 17.9 |
| 21 | Seekers 5 models · T4, W2, Sv 7+, Inv 5+  | 85 | 45 | 13.6 | 17.9 | 16.7 |
| 22 | Lord Exultant 1 model · T4, W5, Sv 3+, Inv 4+  | 95 | 29 | 11.2 | 7.3 | 13.4 |
| 23 | Champion of Excess \[Crucible\] 1 model · T4, W4, Sv 3+, Inv 4+  | 80 | 25 | 7.3 | 6.4 | 8.9 |
| 24 | Sorcerer 1 model · T4, W4, Sv 3+  | 55 | 24 | 7.3 | 4.0 | 6.7 |

[Every faction's units against each weapon](/leaderboards/most-durable#against-small)

##  How durability is counted

Each unit is attacked alone, one attack at a time, until no model is left, 2,000 times over, by the engine behind [List Check](/listcheck). A count is how many attacks that takes on average. Damage stays on a wounded model from one attack to the next, and what a model cannot take when it dies is lost, as on the table. Four weapons from the Space Marines datasheets do the attacking, with no rules of their own: the Intercessor Squad's Bolt Rifle (S4 AP-1 Damage 1, BS 3+), the Heavy Intercessor Squad's Heavy Bolter (S5 AP-1 Damage 2, BS 3+, Sustained Hits 1), the Devastator Squad's Lascannon (S12 AP-3 Damage D6+1, BS 4+) and the Bladeguard Veteran Squad's Master-crafted power weapon (S5 AP-2 Damage 2, WS 3+).

Intercessors is the one figure the boards rank by: how many Space Marine Intercessors (T4, W2, Sv 3+) take as much killing, taken over the four weapons as a geometric mean, so a count in the hundreds against bolt rifles does not drown a count of five against lascannons. Per 100 pts divides it by the unit's points; Intercessors themselves come to 5.9.

A unit defends with its own datasheet abilities, the wargear it carries and its army rule where that needs no situation: invulnerable saves, Feel No Pain, -1 to hit or to wound, -1 or halved Damage, Stealth. Detachment rules, enhancements, stratagems, attached leaders, cover from terrain and once-per-battle abilities are left out. TITANIC units, the Knights and Lords of War, are left off the boards as they open, since their size alone tops every one; the switch above the boards puts them back. Units come at the size and in the loadout the faction's winning tournament lists run most, from the [Meta Merge](/metamerge) feed of 2026-10-07; a unit no winning list fields comes at its smallest size in default wargear, marked †.

##  Questions

What is the most durable Emperor's Children unit in 40k 11th edition?

Keeper of Secrets: as tough as 34 Intercessors for 265 points, taking 432 bolt rifle shots, 163 heavy bolter shots, 40 lascannon shots or 214 power weapon attacks to destroy, ahead of Shalaxi Helbane and Fulgrim. Counted with its own datasheet rules and army rule, no detachment, enhancement or stratagem.

What is the most durable Emperor's Children unit for its points?

Chaos Land Raider: 12.9 Intercessors' worth of durability per 100 points, ahead of Keeper of Secrets and Maulerfiend. Intercessors themselves come to 5.9 per 100 points.

Which Emperor's Children unit takes the most anti-tank fire to kill?

Keeper of Secrets: 40 lascannon shots to destroy. Counted with its own datasheet rules and army rule, no detachment, enhancement or stratagem.

Which Emperor's Children unit shrugs off the most small arms fire?

Keeper of Secrets: 432 bolt rifle shots to destroy. Counted with its own datasheet rules and army rule, no detachment, enhancement or stratagem.
